Gita 13.31
यदा भूतपृथग्भावमेकस्थमनुपश्यति |
तत एव च विस्तारं ब्रह्म सम्पद्यते तदा || 31||
yadā bhūta-pṛithag-bhāvam eka-stham anupaśhyati
tata eva cha vistāraṁ brahma sampadyate tadā
Just as the ocean takes many forms—waves, ripples, and tides—living beings too appear outwardly diverse yet are united at their core. From the smallest creature to the highest celestial, all share the same soul, a spark of God, while their differences stem only from bodies shaped by material energy. At birth, these bodies arise from material nature, and at death, they return to it. When we recognize this common origin, the unity behind all diversity becomes clear. Since material nature itself is God’s energy, such realization reveals the single spiritual essence pervading all existence, culminating in the vision of Brahman.
Gita 13.32
अनादित्वान्निर्गुणत्वात्परमात्मायमव्यय: |
शरीरस्थोऽपि कौन्तेय न करोति न लिप्यते || 32||
anāditvān nirguṇatvāt paramātmāyam avyayaḥ
śharīra-stho ’pi kaunteya na karoti na lipyate
Seated in the heart of every being as the Supreme Soul, God never identifies with the body nor is He influenced by its conditions. Though present within the material body, He remains beyond matter, untouched by karma or the cycle of birth and death—realities experienced only by the individual soul.
Gita 13.33
यथा सर्वगतं सौक्ष्म्यादाकाशं नोपलिप्यते |
सर्वत्रावस्थितो देहे तथात्मा नोपलिप्यते || 33||
yathā sarva-gataṁ saukṣhmyād ākāśhaṁ nopalipyate
sarvatrāvasthito dehe tathātmā nopalipyate
The soul experiences states such as sleep, wakefulness, fatigue, and refreshment only because the ego compels it to identify with the body. One may then question why the body’s changes do not taint the soul. Shree Krishna illustrates this with the example of space: it contains all things yet remains unaffected, being subtler than the objects it holds. In the same way, the soul, as a subtler energy, preserves its divinity even while dwelling in the material body.
Gita 13.34
यथा प्रकाशयत्येक: कृत्स्नं लोकमिमं रवि: |
क्षेत्रं क्षेत्री तथा कृत्स्नं प्रकाशयति भारत || 34||
yathā prakāśhayaty ekaḥ kṛitsnaṁ lokam imaṁ raviḥ
kṣhetraṁ kṣhetrī tathā kṛitsnaṁ prakāśhayati bhārata
The soul, though infinitesimal in size as described in the Upaniṣhads, energizes the entire body with consciousness. Shree Krishna explains this through the analogy of the sun, which, while fixed in one place, illumines the whole solar system. Similarly, as Vedānt Darśhan states, the soul resides in the heart yet spreads its consciousness throughout the body.
Gita 13.35
क्षेत्रक्षेत्रज्ञयोरेवमन्तरं ज्ञानचक्षुषा |
भूतप्रकृतिमोक्षं च ये विदुर्यान्ति ते परम् || 35||
kṣhetra-kṣhetrajñayor evam antaraṁ jñāna-chakṣhuṣhā
bhūta-prakṛiti-mokṣhaṁ cha ye vidur yānti te param
Shree Krishna concludes by teaching that true knowledge lies in distinguishing the material body (kṣhetra) from the soul (kṣhetrajña). The wise identify with their spiritual nature, not the body, and thus pursue liberation and God-realization through the path of spiritual enlightenment.
Summary: JKYog India Online Class- Bhagavad Gita [English]- 13.9.2025
